An HOA board is an elected governing body responsible for maintaining the community, enforcing rules, and managing finances. The board is accountable to homeowners and must operate within the HOA’s governing documents, which typically include:

  • Covenants, Conditions & Restrictions (CC&Rs)
  • Bylaws
  • State and local laws

The specific powers of an HOA board vary depending on the community’s structure and regulations.

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Different HOAs operate under various legal and financial frameworks. The most common types include:

1. Traditional Homeowners’ Associations (HOAs)

  • Governed by CC&Rs and bylaws
  • Homeowners pay fees to maintain common areas and amenities
  • Board enforces rules and ensures financial management

2. Condominium Associations

  • Residents own their units, but the association owns and maintains common spaces
  • Monthly fees cover building maintenance, landscaping, and security
  • Governed by a master deed and bylaws

3. Cooperative (Co-Op) Boards

  • Residents do not own their units but instead own shares in a corporation
  • The board oversees building operations, financial planning, and rule enforcement
  • Approves or denies sales and subleasing requests

Each type of association has specific legal and financial considerations. You can also read more about different types of HOAs.

Board members must operate within the association’s governing documents while managing:

Financial Management

  • Preparing annual budgets and setting assessment fees
  • Collecting dues and enforcing late payments
  • Managing reserve funds for major repairs and capital improvements

Rule Enforcement

  • Ensuring compliance with community rules and architectural guidelines
  • Addressing violations and issuing fines when necessary
  • Handling dispute resolution between residents

Read here for inspiration on how to create effective house rules in your HOA.

Property Maintenance & Upkeep

  • Scheduling repairs and inspections
  • Managing vendor contracts for landscaping, security, and facility maintenance
  • Overseeing common area improvements

Legal Compliance

  • Following state laws and fair housing regulations
  • Managing HOA insurance policies and liability coverage
  • Keeping detailed financial records and meeting minutes

A digital document storage is essential for correct legal compliance.

Community Engagement & Transparency

  • Keeping residents informed through newsletters and HOA websites
  • Hosting regular board meetings and homeowner forums
  • Responding to resident concerns and feedback
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HOA boards typically consist of four key positions:

  • President – Leads board meetings, enforces governing documents, signs contracts
  • Vice President – Assists the president and steps in when needed
  • Treasurer – Manages finances, prepares budgets, oversees audits
  • Secretary – Maintains meeting records, tracks official documents, handles correspondence

Larger HOAs may also have committee chairs for landscaping, events, or architectural reviews. Read more details on board of directors formation here.

The board’s authority is defined by its governing documents. In general, an HOA board can:

  • Enforce community rules and issue fines for violations
  • Approve and manage annual budgets
  • Hire and oversee vendors for maintenance and security
  • Plan long-term property improvements

However, the board must operate transparently and follow legal guidelines. Common workflows for boards is to propose certain changes in the association and then these changes are voted upon by the entire resident body. Typically, only proposals that gain majority support will be effective. Read more about voting rules in HOAs.

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Board members generally aren’t personally liable for HOA debts unless they:

  • Act negligently or violate fiduciary duties
  • Misuse HOA funds or engage in fraud
  • Fail to enforce governing documents or comply with laws

Many HOAs purchase Directors & Officers (D&O) Insurance to protect board members from lawsuits.

To maintain a well-functioning community, board members should:

  • Ensure financial transparency – Publish annual reports and budgets. These can be presented at general assembly meetings or published on a HOA website.
  • Communicate clearly with homeowners – Use email, newsletters, and meetings
  • Follow state and federal regulations – Stay informed on HOA laws and fair housing rules
  • Maintain detailed records – Keep minutes of board meetings and financial decisions

Effective governance leads to greater homeowner satisfaction and a well-maintained community.

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Managing an HOA can be complex, but Anyhoa offers tools to streamline board operations:

  • Document Management – Store and share CC&Rs, bylaws, and financial reports online
  • Meeting Scheduling & Notices – Automate event reminders and board meeting invites
  • Maintenance Request Tracking – Easily track homeowner requests and vendor responses
  • Community Communication Portal – Keep residents informed about rule changes, upcoming events, and HOA updates

With Anyhoa, boards can automate processes, improve transparency, and reduce administrative workload. Try Anyhoa today and simplify your HOA board responsibilities.